Gender and Hand-Grip Strength essays

Centripetal Force Lab Activity Free Essays

Centripetal Force Lab Activity Analysis: 1. An) Average Percent Difference: 50g: (values communicated in newtons) Step 1: Calculate the normal estimation of the two factors Average Value= Value 1+ Value 2/2 = 0. 49+ 0. We will compose a custom paper test on Centripetal Force Lab Activity or on the other hand any comparative theme just for you Request Now 61/2 = 1. 1/2 = 0. 55 Step 2: Calculate the contrast between the two factors Difference= Value 2-Value 1 = Fc-Fg = 0. 61-0. 49 = 0. 12 Step 3: Calculate % contrast % difference= distinction of the factors/normal of the factors x 100 = 0. 12/0. 55 x 100 = 21. 81% 100g: (values communicated in newtons) Stage 1: Calculate the normal estimation of the two factors Average Value= Value 1+ Value 2/2 = 0. 98+ 1. 84/2 = 2. 82/2 = 1. 41 Step 2: Calculate the contrast between the two factors Difference= Value 2-Value 1 = Fc-Fg = 1. 84-0. 98 = 0. 86 Step 3: Calculate % contrast % difference= distinction of the factors/normal of the factors x 100 = 0. 86/1. 41 x 100 = 60. 99% 150g: (values communicated in newtons) Step 1: Calculate the normal estimation of the two factors Average Value= Value 1+ Value 2/2 = 1. 47+ 2. 19/2 = 3. 66/2 = 1. 83 Stage 2: Calculate the contrast between the two factors Difference= Value 2-Value 1 = Fc-Fg = 2. 19-1. 47 = 0. 72 Step 3: Calculate % contrast % difference= distinction of the factors/normal of the factors x 100 = 0. 72/1. 83 x 100 = 39. 34% 200g: (values communicated in newtons) Step 1: Calculate the normal estimation of the two factors Average Value= Value 1+ Value 2/2 = 1. 96+ 2. 66/2 = 4. 62/2 = 2. 31 Step 2: Calculate the distinction between the two factors Difference= Value 2-Value 1 = Fc-Fg = 2. 66-1. 96 = 0. 70 Step 3: Calculate % distinction difference= contrast of the factors/normal of the factors x 100 = 0. 70/2. 31 x 100 = 30. 30% 250g: (values communicated in newtons) Step 1: Calculate the normal estimation of the two factors Average Value= Value 1+ Value 2/2 = 2. 45+ 3. 57/2 = 6. 02/2 = 3. 01 Step 2: Calculate the distinction between the two factors Difference= Value 2-Value 1 = Fc-Fg = 3. 57-2. 45 = 1. 12 Step 3: Calculate % contrast % difference= distinction of the fa ctors/normal of the factors x 100 = 1. 12/3. 01 x 100 = 37. 20% Average % distinction: = Sum of every one of the 5 midpoints/5 21. 81+ 60. 99+ 39. 34+ 30. 30+ 37. 20/5 = 189. 64/5 = 37. 92% B) Slope Calculations (Graph is shown on a different sheet) 50g: Slope= Rise/Run = 0. 61/0. 49 = 1. 25 100g: Slope= Rise/Run = 1. 84/0. 98 = 1. 877 150g: Slope= Rise/Run = 2. 19/1. 47 = 1. 489 200g: Slope= Rise/Run = 2. 66/1. 96 = 1. 357 250g: Slope= Rise/Run = 3. 57/2. 45 = 1. 457 After figuring the incline of each area of the chart (each segment relates to a specific mass utilized in the lab action) it is clear that it fluctuates from it’s anticipated an incentive by an incredible sum. The normal estimation of the slant was 1 as the ascent and the run should be equivalent. Anyway for our situation the ascent and the run changed significantly and along these lines since they were various numbers the incline didn't end up being 1 (the best way to get a slant of 1 is if both the numerator and denominator are equivalent, as a number partitioned without anyone else is constantly 1 and a number separated by an alternate number can never rise to 1). 2. Truly the information gathered verified the condition Fc=42Rmf2. This is on the grounds that the main shifting an incentive for this situation â€Å"f†, had an immediate relationship with the estimation of Fc. The main different qualities that must be resolved in this lab was the range and the mass of the elastic plug however they were consistent factors (steady at 0. 87m and 12. 4g separately) implying that they had no differing impact on the estimation of Fc. For there to be a connection among Fc and 42Rmf2 when the estimation of any of the factors changes the estimation of Fc needs to change too Because the estimation of â€Å"f† had an immediate relationship with the estimation of Fc, when the estimation of â€Å"f† changed the estimation of Fc changed too. In this specific situation when the estimation of â€Å"f† became so did the estimation of Fc. For instance, during the 50g test the recurrence was 1. 2Hz and the Fc was 0. 61N, and during the 100g test the recurrence was 2. 08Hz and the Fc was 1. 84N. This shows as the recurrence increments so does the Fc following up on the framework. This along these lines shows the connection among Fc and 42Rmf2. 3. A) When the string was pulled down and the plug was all the while turning, the plug began turning at a quicker rate (set aside less effort to finish 1 cycle around the excursion) B) This happens basically in light of the fact that the range is being abbreviated. Since the plug on the finish of the string is moving around the even hover at a consistent speed it is hence being followed up on by a steady net-power. For this situation the net-power following up on it (the plug) is Fc, in this manner since it is Fc following up on it, the power can be determined by the recipe 42Rmf2 as that is equivalent to Fc. For this situation in light of the fact that the string with the plug on the end was being pulled down this implies the span of the whole circle was diminishing (less string= littler distance= littler sweep). In that equation if the range is littler that implies that the centripetal power will be bigger. For this situation that bigger the centripetal power following up on the elastic plug, the quicker the elastic plug turns around the level circle. C) The laws of preservation of vitality express that the all out vitality in the framework remains the equivalent yet essentially takes on various structures (motor and potential being models). In this way this case isn't in opposition to the laws of protection of vitality basically on the grounds that when the sweep is diminishing the elastic plug accelerates. In the laws of preservation of vitality when an article is accelerating the item is increasing dynamic vitality. Anyway for this situation while the plug is accelerating the hanging mass (alongside a portion of the string) is tumbling to the ground. From a preservation of vitality point of view when an article loses tallness it loses potential vitality. Thusly for this situation the item at the top additions active vitality while the mass loses potential vitality. In view of this vitality move no vitality is lost in the framework as hen the article is losing potential vitality the other item in a similar framework is increasing active vitality, subsequently the vitality remains the equivalent. D) In figure skating the skaters do precisely the same thing as what was done in this lab try. So as to turn quicker they twist low (get low to the ground) and take care of their arms and legs. This makes them turn a lot quicker than they were initially turning and follows similar rules that th e elastic plug test followed. At the point when they get low they lose potential vitality yet getting low makes them take care of (take care of their legs and arms) and at last have a littler range. This littler span makes them have an a lot more prominent centripetal power and at last makes them turn quicker and makes them increase motor vitality. This adheres to the laws of protection of vitality as when they lose potential vitality they increase dynamic vitality (hypothetically no vitality lost-just moved) Sources of Error: In this specific lab action there were not a lot of potential wellsprings of mistake essentially on the grounds that it was not as muddled an action the same number of others. In this manner all mistakes that were made were essentially human estimation blunders. The fundamental wellspring of blunder in this lab action was estimating the period/recurrence. This was a test basically on the grounds that the individual estimating needed to do a wide range of things in an exceptionally limited quantity of time. That one individual was liable for right off the bat picking a spot along the way of the level hover to start the estimation from, at that point that equivalent individual needed to begin the watch during the little league outline in which the elastic plug passed by that particular point on the circle. From that point the individual needed to tally the plug spend by multiple times and stop the watch when it sat back. This made it extremely hard to get a totally precise estimation for the period and the recurrence, as it was exceptionally hard to get a careful estimation of that timespan. These slight miscounts of the recurrence made the figuring of the centripetal power be somewhat off-base also on the grounds that the computation of centripetal power relied upon the recurrence. This is obvious on the grounds that our â€Å"Fg† and â€Å"Fc† counts are off track, as they should be about a similar number as Fg= Fc. †X-axis= Fc †Y-axis= Fg †point 1= 50g †point 2= 100g †point 3= 150g †point 4= 200g †point 5= 250g Data: Mass of plug: 12. 4g Radius of Rotation: 87cm Mass of suspended masses| Time for 5 cycles| Period (T)| Frequency (f)| FgFg=mhg| FcFc=42Rmf2| 50g| 4. 2s| 0. 84| 1. 2Hz| 0. 49N| 0. 61N| 100g| 2. 44s| 0. 48| 2. 08Hz| 0. 98N| 1. 84N| 150g| 2. 23s| 0. 44| 2. 27Hz| 1. 47N| 2. 19N| 200g| 1. 99s| 0. 4| 2. 5Hz| 1. 96N| 2. 66N| 250g| 1. 65s| 0. 3 4| 2. 9Hz| 2. 45N| 3. 57N| Instructions to refer to Centripetal Force Lab Activity, Essay models

Startup Ecosystem in Bucharest

Startup Ecosystem in Bucharest If you were to ask a dozen people to name potential tech startup cities, chances are good that Bucharest in Romania would not be one of the cities named. In fact, many in the world would be hard-pressed to locate Romania on a map, much less be able to tell you anything about the country. Predominantly remembered for its gymnastic team accomplishments, (Nadia Comaneci received seven perfect scores in the 1976 games) the nation has been struggling economically for decades. Economic hardships have plagued the nation, creating an environment where innovation became more than a buzzword; it became a means of survival. © Shutterstock.com | Razvan Ionut DragomirescuTo find out how this tiny country has established itself as an entrepreneurial powerhouse, we’ll investigate 1) the location, 2) the tax incentives, 3) legal incentives, 4) investors, 5) local resources, 6) specialization of the area, and 7) startups to watch in Bucharest, Romania.LOCATIONGeographical BenefitsBucharest is situated near the bottom of Romania, on the banks of the Dambovita River. A three-hour flight from London, it sits on the eastern border of the European Union (EU) and is one of the main transportation hubs and industrial centers of Eastern Europe. The sixth largest city in Eastern Europe and the capital of Romania, it has a long history. Glimpses of the city’s history can be seen in the architecture of buildings throughout the city while there are noticeable absences giving evidence of another important facet of their history. Established in the late 1400’s, Bucharest has very little of its original architecture left; what had managed to survive was predominately destroyed during the communist era. High-density apartment blocks and one of the largest buildings in the world, the Palace of the Parliament, are reminders of the dark days of communism.Advantages of choosing the cityHome to one of the largest public transportation systems in Europe, traveling the city of Bucharest can be managed with a variety of methods: buses, trams, trains, and taxis. There are two international airports and a roadway system that connects the city to neighboring cities and countries. Bucharest acts as a major intersection in the national roadway of Romania, effectively connecting the city to a system of roads, many of which start in Bucharest.The creative expression of Bucharest is growing, incorporating elements of international and Romanian culture. Several museums, galleries, and performance centers provide both entertainment and inspiration â€" a necessary addition to successful startup hubs. © Wikimedia Commons | MastermindsroThe cost of living in Romania is low, a significant advantage over neighboring countries that may be competing to attract entrepreneurs. Office space, energy, and utilities are approximately four times cheaper than other countries in Western Europe. An extra bonus to the lower expenses is one of the strongest internet networks in the world, thanks, in part, to the presence of Microsoft.Within Bucharest are a growing number of startups, accelerators, and incubators, teaming up with a population that has large amounts of intellectual capital. Its history of economic hardships and a strong desire to become self-sufficient have created the perfect environment for its rise to startup success. TAX INCENTIVESIt has only been in the last two decades that Romania has emerged from under the cloud of communism. Obsolete industries, the recession and widespread poverty have all hampered the growth of Romania’s economic system. Recent efforts to improve the b usiness environment have been hindered by the corruption that still lingers in the nation’s business climate. There is great hope, however, as government and business officials work to strengthen the economic system and reduce the barriers to innovation.Perhaps one of the strongest incentives for entrepreneurs to select Bucharest as their startup location lies in the tax breaks that are reserved for innovators. Wage earners engaged in ‘software development activities’ are eligible for tax exemption, effectively giving them a net salary that is 19 percent larger. Established in early 2001 as a way to help bolster a decimated economy, laid to waste after years of the communist regime, it was designed to help increase economic growth and business. The recent recession almost put an end to the tax break, as countries were scrambling to recover funds through taxes, but the Romanian government kept it in place â€" a fact that entrepreneurs appreciate. Many companies established in B ucharest rely on the tax break as an incentive for employees, and would have simply relocated to other European countries that still offered the incentive.As a result of the business friendly tax break, Romania has one of the highest IT populations per capita in Europe. Despite a declining population, the influx of highly skilled IT workers has helped to bolster the nation’s higher-educated members.When the tax break proved to be sustainable, Romanian officials enlarged the scope of the benefit in 2013, offering an incentive to additional types of businesses. The use of tax incentives is proving to be a strong weapon in their arsenal of tools to re-invent Bucharest into an innovative leader.LEGAL INCENTIVESThe process to start a company in Romania is fairly simple and fast. With only five steps in the process, most businesses can be established within a week.The government of Romania has made entrepreneurship a priority and has worked to encourage its citizens to embrace innovatio n. The emerging techs (those born after 1989) are beginning to make their mark on Bucharest’s innovative marketplace and have begun to see results of their efforts. With the emergence of these leaders in innovation, there will be new attention for entrepreneurs.While the nation of Romania is still plagued by remnants of corruption, it is easy to see that in the coming years there will be a need for additional legal protection. Intellectual property will become more prevalent in the future, and the establishment of legal backing will be a necessity.INVESTORSOne of the largest barriers to entrepreneurial success in Romania is the lack of funding. With a history of entrepreneurship that only dates back to 1989, there is little ‘experience’ to show for, and investors are scarce. No large startup accelerators or incubators exist in the nation, and the number of angel investors is extremely low as well. This has not hindered companies from acquiring funding; it just requires more ef fort and ingenuity.Some Bucharest companies have looked outside the borders of Romania for funding: neighboring Bulgaria has funded several Romanian startups already. Presently there are five accelerators in Romania, none of whom are over five years old. An investing studio that targets startups, Geekcelerator helps to grow startups through funding and other tools. Without a proven track record, it is difficult to establish a clear direction, but the fact that within the last ten years there are even accelerators to mention is a huge milestone.Another form of investors, angel investors, are beginning to emerge as the city gets traction in the startup market, but they are still relatively few in numbers. These leading angel investors include Lucian Todea (tech firms), Radu Georgescu (tech), Marius Ghenea (other areas) and they are attracting more attention.Foreign investors in Bucharest include venture capital firms that have been investing in tech startups (Georgescu’s Avangate wa s the beneficiary of venture capital) as well. These types of investors are still relatively few. As Bucharest continues to grow its entrepreneurial market, investors will continue to look for new methods and technologies to come out of this startup community.Financing Women Entrepreneurs in Romania LOCAL RESOURCESThe addition of Romanianstartups.com to the startup community added a sense of identity to the fledgling entrepreneurship market. An online database that lists startups, investors and events is a way for the community to keep in touch with what is going on in the community. There is a sense of self-starting in Bucharest that continues as entrepreneurs join to create their sense of community and innovation.Romanian poverty is one of the largest factors in the success of their technology market. With a scarcity of tools, Romanian kids would practice coding on any machine they could get their hands on. In Romania’s earliest days, this meant coding on outdated machines. Fami lies couldn’t afford computers, so students would go to computer classes, being taught about systems that were outdated. This drove the smartest kids to develop their methodology â€" they were still using audiotapes to write code on in the early 90s. Bucharest is full of engineers who grew up in this scene; they are used to making things with the tools that are available. As a result, they are some of the most innovative tech thinkers in the world.With this background, it is easy to understand why some of the world’s largest companies have development offices in Romania. Technical college graduates are being hired in overwhelming numbers by companies such as Amazon, Microsoft and Intel â€" a testament to the intellectual resource found in Romania.Encouraging these bright minds to turn their attention to entrepreneurship is not much of a stretch â€" they have been innovating for years. Now it is simply a matter of finding a means to finance their innovation, and find ways to enco urage them to stay in Bucharest once they have their funding.A recent study named Romania’s internet system as ranked fifth best in the world for internet connection speed, giving them a resource that outranks most of their competitors. By moving straight to fiber wiring, they avoided many of the issues other nations have had with copper wiring, putting them ahead of the game in connectivity.SPECIALIZATIONRecent years have indicated that the startup market in Bucharest is leaning heavily towards technology. The development of apps that offer solutions to problems within the nation of Romania is one of the largest areas of interest right now in Bucharest. With their recent entrance into the startup community, they are coming in behind the curve of the rest of the world, but they are moving quickly to catch up.Bucharest needs to concentrate on developing solutions for Romanians; an effort to help students develop an interest in entrepreneurship is just one method of specialization. The development of training schools, teaching students how to start a business, how to ask for funding and how to launch a product are all important components to Bucharest’s growing startup hub. Startup weekends that focus on bridging between entrepreneurship and innovation are necessary for a country that has emerged with only its self-reliance. They have been innovators, now they need to be entrepreneurs.In Bucharest, there is no limit to what can be developed. The need for products that revamp a failed industrial market are a must. Services that help bring Romania business products, and new models of corporations are a necessity. With a large portion of the population still living in poverty, there are basic elements of life that can be improved with innovation and entrepreneurship. Instilling individuals with the tools to make those innovations possible is the next step in Bucharest’s journey.Finally, the tech market seems to be a natural development in Bucharest, with inno vative methods transferring to the startup market easily. As large tech companies open offices and centers in Romania, there will be a growing number of entrepreneurs who will be highly trained in advanced technology methods. Those developers will be the forefront of the tech market as they bring their products to the world.Bucharest has a bright future as a startup hub. The entire city has, in effect, bootstrapped itself to the point of success. It emerged as a beacon of hope for a country that needed one, and has continued to lead the way in Romania for the next phase in its development. Investors and entrepreneurs will continue to be drawn to a hub that thrives on innovation â€" a description that fits Bucharest in every area. As the city continues to innovate, the world will continue to watch and be amazed, much as it was over thirty years ago as a tiny girl from this fledgling nation astounded everyone. With new freedoms and abilities, there is no telling how far this country w ill go.STARTUPS TO WATCHAvangate: A digital commerce provider for software and online services, Avangate was started by Radu Georgescu and recently acquired by Silicon Valley-based private equity firm Francisco Partners.Twotap.com: A product ordering system, Twotap simplifies the process of buying items on a mobile device. One interface that allows the user to select simply where to ship the product and how to pay for it, the system works with any website. In a growing mobile market, this can reinvent the way people think about buying online.Moqups.com: An app that allows users to create prototypes and mockups, Moqups.com is an HTML 5 app that gives users a comprehensive tool for creativity. Easy to use interface makes designing simple, fun and intuitive.The Pole: Tying their innovation into Bucharest’s systems, The Pole lets users create posters for local events and then stream them to strategically placed screens around Bucharest. Outdoor advertising is now available to companie s quickly and easily.Monitor Backlinks: Emerging digital marketing methods have demonstrated the need for responsive SEO habits. Monitor Backlinks allows users to keep an eye on their backlinks to maximize SEO opportunities and develop stronger page rankings.Green Horse Games: The creators of CarsCup, Green Horse Games is a digital gaming studio that has developed a car club game via social media. Players compete against their friends or against virtual players around the world in a car race to win the grand prize.Omnipaste: Another tool that takes advantage of the digital market, Omnipaste has developed a platform that allows users to copy information on one device and paste it on another. No more losing the information you read on your smartphone but really need on your laptop â€" the simple interface allows a copy/paste so you can keep on working, no matter what device you’re using.

Effects Of Drought On The Great Depression - 1292 Words

In the 1930s, drought maintained its negative influence in all of the Plains for nearly 10 years. The drought’s primary characteristics of damage are regarded as agricultural for the most part. High temperatures, lack of rain, insect infestations, and heavy winds all in unison with the dust storms that accompanied these detrimental instances damaged countless crops. In addition to the Great Depression’s bank closures, various economic damages, increased unemployment, and other hardships, the agricultural depression just worsened the situation in America. It is also important to note that the lack of precipitation may have most likely affected the overall conditions of plant life and wildlife in a negative manner, as well as caused potential shortages of water for various conventional purposes. Although this almost always goes unnoticed by most readers, it is extremely important to acknowledge such regressions as they appropriately contribute to the overall negative and destructive connotation of the Dust Bowl in its respective era. A total of four consecutive separate waves of droughts accompanied each other during the 30s: 1930–31, 1934, 1936, and 1939-1940 . Due to the incompetency of affected regions to adequately recover from any of the recurring droughts, the entire series of droughts was thought of to be a single drought by the inhabitants of affected areas. It was in the year 1932 when fourteen distinct dust storms were reported, which rose to an astonishing 48 totalShow MoreRelatedThe Cause and Effects of the Great Depression Essay1443 Words   |  6 Pages1929 was the main cause of The Great Depression. In fact, The Great Depression was caused by a series of factors, and the effects of the depression were felt for many years after the stock market crash of 1929. 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Use of Puck to Explore Love in A Midsummer Nights Dream...

Love is a timeless topic. It will forever be the theme of popular entertainment and source of confusion for men and women alike. No one understands this better than William Shakespeare, and he frequently explores this complex emotion in his plays. In A Midsummer Night’s Dream Shakespeare cleverly reveals the fickle and inebriating aspects of love through his mischievous character Puck. Though Puck adds much humor to the play while tormenting and drugging the lovers in the forest, he also acts as a catalyst in redirecting their devotions among one-another, thus demonstrating the fickle nature of love. For example, Lysander, who in one instant is blindly in love with his fair Hermia, will suddenly wake to find himself obsessed with†¦show more content†¦Once again Shakespeare has beautifully illustrated the bi-polar nature of human emotions. Although the character Puck was an impish fellow, he certainly knew how to develop a study in falling in and out of love. Puck’s serial drugging-spree serves to draw the readers’ attention to another important aspect in human behavior: love is intoxicating and can diminish all powers of reasoning. Seemingly sober people can act in the most foolish ways when under the influence of love, which is illustrated when poor Helena chases after Demetrius proclaiming â€Å"I am your spaniel, and, Demetrius, /The more you beat me I will fawn on you† (II.i.210-11). Like a drunken woman, Helena’s mind is clouded causing her to behave like a complete moron. A reader will cringe while reading about Helena’s pathetic pursuit of Demetrius, but part of that discomfort will usually stem from an equally pathetic memory of stupidity committed while under the influence of emotion. Another example of judgment gone awry while high on love is Hermia and Lysander’s rash decision to run away together despite the fact they both risk a punishment of death from Theseus if they are caught. 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In agreement to Harold Bloom’s statement, the following essay will analyse how Puck is significant because, by being so disparate, he is able to show the limitations of the human. This will be done through, first, exploring a definition of the human in relation to the supernatural. Subsequently, the essay will use a Freudia n lense to analyse the morality of Puck and, lastly, the essay willRead More A Midsummer Night’s Dream - The Feminist Subtext Essay1905 Words   |  8 PagesThe Feminist Subtext of A Midsummer Nights Dream    Shakespeares works have persistently influenced humanity for the past four hundred years. Quotations from his plays are used in many other works of literature and some common phrases have even become integrated into the English language. Most high schoolers have been unsuccessful in avoidance of him and college students are rarely afforded the luxury of choice when it comes to studying the bard. Many aspects of Shakespeares works have beenRead MoreEssay on Forbidden Desire in Shakespeares A Midsummer Nights Dream1157 Words   |  5 PagesForbidden Desire in Shakespeares A Midsummer Nights Dream In his play A Midsummer Nights Dream, William Shakespeare explores the conflict of forbidden desire, as revealed through the experience of four young lovers dwelling in ancient Greece. Hermia and Lysander are two of these lovers, and their desire to marry one another is prohibited by Hermias father Egeus, and enforced by the governor of Athenian law-King Theseus. Hermia is informed that she may only agree to one of three undesirableRead MoreA Midsummers Night Dream and As You Like It Essay2193 Words   |  9 Pagesand reality in his plays. He explores this comparison through the role and purpose of the forests in Midsummer Nights Dream and As You Like It. Midsummer Nights Dream focuses on imagination and escape, while As You like It focuses on reality and self discovery. The forest in Midsummer Nights Dream represents imagination. Puck, a fairy servant and friend of Oberon, watches six Athenian men practice a play to be performed for Theseus wedding in the forest. Puck turns Nick Bottoms head intoRead MoreShakespeares Identities: A Midsummer Nights Dream1047 Words   |  5 PagesIn A Midsummer Nights Dream, playwright William Shakespeare creates in Bottom, Oberon, and Puck unique characters that represent different aspects of him. Like Bottom, Shakespeare aspires to rise socially; Bottom has high aims and, however slightly, interacts with a queen. Through Bottom, Shakespeare mocks these pretensions within himself. Shakespeare also resembles King Oberon, controlling the magic we see on the stage. Unseen, he and Oberon pull the strings that control what the characters act

A Review Of Ang Lees Film Free Essays

string(120) " the short narrative and the film in the ways in which the characters related to each other, their emotion and concern\." ‘Compare the movie version of ‘Brokeback Mountain ‘ with Proulx ‘s narrative, explicating to what extent you feel Ang Lee ‘s movie represents its subjects and thoughts. This essay will take to compare the movie version of ‘Brokeback Mountain ‘ with Annie Proulx ‘s short narrative. It will explicate, discourse every bit good as measure the ways in which Ang Lee represented cardinal subjects and thoughts through-out the movie. We will write a custom essay sample on A Review Of Ang Lees Film or any similar topic only for you Order Now Many subjects and thoughts were dealt with in the movie, some of which will be looked at such as, relationships, love, desire and the Gothic. Ang Lee was able to show Jack and Ennis ‘s maleness through their physical characteristics, the occupations that they undertook, every bit good as through their vesture, throughout the film. The two work forces were seen to be working on the land, making strenuous physical labor and played out the masculine roles in society. In both the film and the short narrative Jack and Ennis ‘ relationship with nature was masculine in the manner that they spent a great trade of clip in the unfastened countryside at work. Their relationship with the land strengthened through the word picture of their love devising on Brokeback Mountain which showed their deep connexion and assurance with their milieus. Even though the work forces were portrayed as masculine figures throughout both the movie and the narrative, there was besides a really outstanding displacement in the gender functions, as Jack and Ennis both alternated between the traditional functions of male A ; female. ‘Centr al to Proulx ‘s thought is non merely the subjectiveness of people shaped by geographical restraints, bounds and chances, but besides that the societal universes produced reveal personal narrations of battle which frequently question determined societal functions. ‘ [ 1 ] It could be argued that the short narrative was entirely about the love of two work forces for each other and how this impacted on the lives they were expected to take. However the film focused more on their place life and domestic functions, such as Ennis neglecting to supply and care for his kids. The short narrative merely briefly mentioned Ennis ‘ household life. In the film, there was great insight into the work forces ‘s married life whereas in the book there is non much accent on this. This would hold helped the spectator to dig more profoundly into their personal lives and hence have a better apprehension of them. The adult females in the movie version of Brokeback Mountain were more seeable, referred to more and had a significantly active function in the narrative in relation to Jack and Ennis. The spectator was able to see life from the adult females ‘s points of position and into the adversities of their lives. Whereas in the short narrative they were simply portrayed as obstructions that stopped Jack and Ennis from prosecuting their romantic relationship. It could be argued that Ang Lee did non desire adult females to simply be on the border in this movie, he likely wanted to convey the adult females to the foreground of the narrative since conventional relationships are between work forces and adult females, unlike Proulx whose version was more closely focused around the relationship between Jack and Ennis. In both versions the adult females were powerless to impact what was traveling on, particularly after they finally discovered that Jack and Ennis were more than merely friends. T here was nil that they could make, as they were unable to efficaciously act upon the state of affairs in their favor, . ‘ †¦ and the door gap and Alma looking out for a few seconds at Ennis ‘s straining shoulders†¦ .She had seen what she had seen. ‘ [ 2 ] In add-on, this narrative was set at a clip when adult females were seen to be more dominant in the private domestic domain, therefore they seemed to be naA?ve of about the departures on in the outside universe and possibly did non hold a loud adequate voice to stand up to work forces. One of the chief subjects in Ang Lee ‘s movie version of ‘Brokeback Mountain ‘ was the added dimension of nature and the milieus of the West in which the movie was set. Proulx ‘ mentions to the landscape to put the scenes were really descriptive throughout the narrative. ‘The mountain boiled with diabolic energy, glazed with wavering broken-cloud visible radiation ; the air current combed the grass and Drew from the damaged krummholz and slit stone a beastly drone. ‘ [ 3 ] The astonishing amazing shootings of the landscape in Ang Lee ‘s film, gave a new dimension to the movie as the shootings of nature became merely every bit much a portion of the movie as the narrative line. â€Å" The beauty of the shootings about every bit of import as duologue † [ 4 ] The impact that nature had on people who already felt comfy in the unfastened state were given more depth and significance. Spending clip together on Brokeback Mountain was like a retreat or a safe oasis from society in which Jack and Ennis would hold been judged because of the nature of their relationship. Whilst on Brokeback Mountain the accent on nature meant that they felt free and at peace off from society and were able to be themselves without the hazard of being ridiculed or judged. The image of the dead sheep on the mountain, in the movie, acted as a metaphor for the thought that even though the work forces felt safe and free on the mountain they were still vulnerable in the eyes of society. The chief subjects that ran through the movie were that of love, relationships and desire. There were great similarities in the short narrative and the film in the ways in which the characters related to each other, their emotion and concern. You read "A Review Of Ang Lees Film" in category "Essay examples" The manner that Jack was so caring towards Ennis, was expressed absolutely through both mediums. The manner their relationship was portrayed was so painful as they could ne’er be together was shown in different ways in both the short narrative and the film. † They have to privatize their feelings † [ 5 ] . The original duologue from the narrative added another dimension to Ang Lee ‘s movie. As a batch of the clip the characters whispered or spoke in a quiet mode, it gives the feeling that what they were stating was non to be shared with others. The scene in the film where Ennis became hysterical after Jack ‘s going from Brokeback Mountain, was really much more dear and emotional than in the short narrative, ‘within a stat mi Ennis felt like person was drawing his backbones out†¦ ‘ [ 6 ] . The emotion was non felt whilst reading the book, it was better conveyed in the film. The ground for this may hold been as a consequence of the musical soundtrack and the stopping point up camera shootings which showed Ennis as wholly overwrought. This was evident besides near the terminal of the movie by the lines, â€Å" ‘I wish I knew how to discontinue you ‘ † [ 7 ] , which were spoken, the tone and volume of which this short line was spoken displayed the hurting that Ennis and Jack were digesting by being apart. In add-on, in the concluding scene at Jack ‘s house with the two shirts, one inside the other ; the scene was portrayed better visually than in the book due to the impact that the music had over the scene, which was non achieved in the short narrative. However, it the words used in the short narrative were powerful in their simpleness. ‘The shirt seemed heavy until he saw there was another inside it†¦ the brace like two teguments, one inside the other, two in one. ‘ [ 8 ] On a actual degree this scene added shaped to the narrative, as the narrative ended where it started, both with dreams, both with shirts. Both the film and the short narrative expressed cardinal elements of the Gothic. Two of the most outstanding elements were force and enigma. Proulx ‘s short narrative had an equivocal stoping in which the reader was unsure of how Jack died and who killed him. His household and Ennis were left inquiring if it was an accident or if it was on intent as a consequence of person happening out about his secret relationship with Ennis. The stoping was left for the spectator to make up one’s mind and to utilize their imaginativeness as to who killed Jack and how he was killed, rather like a slaying enigma. â€Å" Not merely did I want to be loyal to [ Proulx ‘s ] authorship, but I needed to make extra scenes to corroborate her authorship, because we do n’t hold the internal word pictures which she did most brightly. â€Å" ‘ [ 9 ] This was true systematically throughout the movie. There were many subdivisions in the movie that did non look in the narrative, such as the statement between Jack and his father-in-law on Thanksgiving, and the scenes where Jack went to Mexico to research his gender and the greater deepness and penetration into their household lives and the people closest to them. Scenes even appeared in a different order. However things that were losing from the movie were filled with drawn-out scenes that were besides non in the short narrative. These drawn-out scenes gave the spectator a greater penetration into the lives of Jack and Ennis every bit good as those that they interacted with. Futhermore in the film Ang Lee used flashbacks every bit good as cartridge holders which gave the spectator a greater penetration into the unknown, and to things that were below the surface of the characters initial ideas. The spectator ever had the Fuller image drawn out for them, which was pieced together by the existent plot line. This was present in the manner that Ang Lee used a flashback to demo how Ennis ‘ male parent showed him what happened to a adult male who lived with another male nevertheless this was non presented in the same manner in the short narrative. The film was rather direct and ocular and the narrative had a unequivocal stoping and the audience knew precisely what happened to Jack even if the other characters in movie did non. The usage of the film as a ocular assistance meant that there was more freedom in the thought of the Gothic with the ghastly scenes of the adult male who was castrated every bit good as the slaying of Jack. The book ended as it stated that the love felt by Ennis was endured, but it was merely an terminal to the physical but non emotional love. It was as if the narrative still continued beyond the text, and would go on to make so every bit long as society failed to travel on. ‘There was some unfastened infinite between what he knew and what he tried to believe, but nil could be done about it, and if you ca n’t repair it you ‘ve got to stand it ‘ . [ 10 ] The long silences and deep stares that were exchanged between Jack and Ennis throughout the movie expressed their mute love, this was more efficaciously displayed in the movie than the short narrative. ‘Because of their Stoic characters, the narrative has much to make with what is mute, with the shame and guilt that fills them ‘ [ 11 ] This made the movie a batch more powerful than the narrative as a consequence of these silences. ‘ †¦ narrative item is echoed by Ang Lee cinematically. The beauty and pureness of the emotions is matched by the countrified stateliness of the landscape ; in cut downing the narrative to a existence of simpleness of scenery and emotion, Lee was seeking to make a new deepness for a love narrative ‘ . [ 12 ] As a consequence of the shame and guilt that would hold been forced upon them whilst in society Brokeback Mountain gave them a sense of freedom to make things that would non hold been acceptable in society at the clip. ‘Ang Lee tells us that the focal point on emotion can non be articulated in words, and employs the imagined iconic purdah of the cowpuncher†¦ ‘ [ 13 ] The usage of camera shootings such as panning and close ups helped to covey the emotion through the screen to the spectator, this therefore enabled the spectator to hold a better emotional connexion with the characters. One of the chief versions that Ang Lee made to the movie version of Brokeback Mountain was his choice of his dramatis personae, particularly the chief characters. Whereas in the short narrative Jack and Ennis were non described as excessively good looking work forces, nevertheless Ang Lee ‘s dramatis personae did non portray this. Bibliography Campbell, N. ( 2009 ) From narrative to movie: Brokeback Mountain ‘s ‘in-between ‘ infinites, Canadian Review of American Studies, Volume 39, Number 2, 2009 Dilley, W. ( 2007 ) The Cinema of Ang Lee: The Other Side of the Screen, London: Wallflower Imperativeness Grindstaff, D. ( 2008 ) The Fist and the Cadaver: Taming the Queer Sublime in Brokeback Mountain, Communication and Critical/Cultural Studies, Volume 5, Issue 3 Hunt, A. ( ed. ) ( 2008 ) The Geographical Imagination of Annie Proulx: Rethinking Regionalism, United Kingdom: Lexington Books Intertexts ( 2006 ) Conversing Brokeback Mountain ‘s varied infinites and contested desires. . [ Online ] . Available at: hypertext transfer protocol: //goliath.ecnext.com/coms2/gi_0199-7044583/Conversing-Brokeback-Mountain-s-varied.html Date of entree ( 12/12/09 ) . Johnson, L. S. ( 2006 ) Brokeback Mountain, Movie Reviews, The Journal of American History Vol.93, No.3 p.988. Lee, A. ( 2005 ) Brokeback Mountain DVD, Focus Features McDonald, J. ( 2007 ) Thwarting the representation of the masculine ‘West ‘ in Ang Lee ‘s Brokeback Mountain. Gay and Lesbian Issues and Psychology Review, 3 ( 2 ) . National Association For Research and Therapy of Homosexuality ( 2008 ) Essayists Review Themes In ‘Brokeback Mountain ‘ . [ Online ] . Available at: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.narth.com/docs/brokeback.html Date of entree ( 21/12/09 ) . Prefontaine, C. ( 2008 ) Heath Ledger in Ang Lee ‘s Brokeback Mountain, Suite 101. [ Online ] . Available at: hypertext transfer protocol: //filmdramas.suite101.com/article.cfm/review_brokeback_mountain Date of Access: ( 21/12/09 ) . Testa, M. ( 2005 ) Exclusive PJH Interview: At near scope with Annie Proulx, JH Weekly. [ Online ] . Available at: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.planetjh.com//music_arts_culture/A_100138.aspx Date of entree: ( 20/12/09 ) . Pullen, C. Brokeback Mountain as Progressive Narrative and Cinematic Vision: Landscape, Emotion and the Denial of Domesticity ‘in ‘ Hunt, A. ( 2009 ) The Geographical imaginativeness of Annie Proulx, United Kingdom: Lexington Books Pp.155 Proulx, A. ( 1998 ) Brokeback Mountain, London: Fourth Estate Limited Pp. 21-22 Proulx, A. ( 1998 ) Brokeback Mountain, London: Fourth Estate Limited Pp.16 Gyllenhaal, J. ( 2005 ) Brokeback Mountain, DVD, ‘in ‘ Ang Lee, Interview from the docudrama: On Bing a Cowboy, Focus Features Lee, A. ( 2005 ) Interview from the docudrama: On Bing a Cowboy, Brokeback Mountain DVD, Focus Features Proulx, A. ( 1998 ) Brokeback Mountain, London: Fourth Estate Limited, Pp.17 Proulx, A. ( 1998 ) Brokeback Mountain, London: Fourth Estate Limited, Pp.44 Proulx, A. ( 1998 ) Brokeback Mountain, London: Fourth Estate Limited Pp. 55 Lee. A. ( 2005 ) Interview with Carlo Cavagna, ‘in ‘ Dilley, C. W. ( 2007 ) The Cinema of Ang Lee the Other Side of the Screen, London: Wallflower Press, P. 167 Proulx, A. ( 1998 ) Brokeback Mountain, London: Fourth Estate Limited, Pp. 58 Dilley, C. W. ( 2007 ) The Cinema of Ang Lee the Other Side of the Screen, London: Wallflower Press, P.164 Dilley, C. W. ( 2007 ) The Cinema of Ang Lee the Other Side of the Screen, London: Wallflower Press, P.166 Lee, A. ( 2005 ) Interview from the docudrama: On Bing a Cowboy, Brokeback Mountain DVD, Focus Features ‘in ‘ Pullen, C. Brokeback Mountain as Progressive Narrative and Cinematic Vision: Landscape, Emotion and the Denial of Domesticity ‘in ‘ Hunt, A. ( ed. ) The Geographical Imagination of Annie Proulx, United Kingdom: Lexington Books Pp.160 How to cite A Review Of Ang Lees Film, Essay examples

Relevance of Peace Accords in Post

Introduction There are various determinants or factors that affect the prevalence of peace in countries where the parties have entered into agreements and accords. Both parties are motivated to avoid the return to the place where the bloodshed occurs. The parties must be committed to the peace process. In the Camp David treaty, Israel and Egypt were committed to the peace process. They also wanted to be in good relations with the United States.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Relevance of Peace Accords in Post-War Reconstruction specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More They did not want the role of the United States to go beyond the negotiation process (Telhami, 1990, pp. 121). Despite the fact that peace accords are signed after the war has been ended and the assistance that the states receive from the rest of the countries that supported them, the post-war reconstruction period takes considerable amount of time. Hence, though signing a peace accord is supposed to mean an end to the confrontation, in most cases, it never does. According to what Steenkamp (2005) says, the given phenomenon has sufficient grounds to base on: â€Å"This violence (such as ‘criminal’, ‘vigilante’ and ‘mob’ violence) in the post-peace accord society is peculiar when considering that the political legitimacy which violence might have enjoyed before the accord, has largely been removed† (p. 253). Nevertheless, the author assures that the instances of violent treatment of the defeated countries after signing the peace treaty occurs rather often: â€Å"One example is the continuing torture of civilians by Sri Lankan security forces after the 2002 ceasefire between the government and Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) insurgents † (2005, p. 258). It has been noted that more harm is done when parties are not committed to the provisions of the peace accord than if there was no agreement at all. There are scholars who have suggested that the peace agreements should have provisions on international intervention and power sharing clauses for the peace agreement to be successful or the parties will return to war. In the recent years, negotiated agreements have gained popularity as the medium for ending civil wars. The countries return to war either after five years or three and a half years, though. Despite the high number of peace agreements research has shown that 50% of the peace agreements fail, which means that a peace accord does not necessarily solve the post-war complexities, but, on the contrary, may add new ones. In the case of the Vietnam peace accord, had the United States remained an interested party in the peaceful process things would have turned out differently. In this case, South Vietnam would have not suffered such huge losses (Gilbert, 2002, p. 40) and the conditions listed in the peace accord would have been different. According to what Gilbert defined the treaty, it wasAdvertising Looking for essay on political culture? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More †¦a peace treaty with the North Vietnamese that everyone suspected Hanoi would never honor – and that depended for its credibility not only on massive American aid to Saigon but also, ultimately, on the fantasy that the United States would, if necessarily, go back into South Vietnam in force to uphold it. (p. 124) Literature Review A peace agreement signifies the ending of conflict and the foundation of rebuilding a nation. The post-conflict period in any country is a sensitive and important time as a country tries to undergo social and economic reconstruction. During the war, there has been destruction of buildings and infrastructure and many homes have been destroyed. A return to war means that the steps that the reconstruction have been reversed. As Borer, Darby McEvoy-Levy claim, Forgiven ess and reconciliation have been shown not to be nebulous, namby-pamby things. No, they are stuff of realpolitik. The alternative way of revenge, of retribution, leads to a ghastly cul-de-sac – the spiral of respiral-provoking counter reprisal ad infinitum, ending with no security, no peace, but a toll in human lives and property that is inexorable and exorbitant. (Borer, Darby and McEvoy-levy, 2007, pp. 41) The peace agreements should therefore have a past and present element where it ends the war and at the same time lays the foundation for sustainable peace. The contents of the peace agreement should be transparent to both parties. Secondly, the root causes of the conflict should be addressed. It is essential that the Camp David agreements did not address the Palestinian question, since it raised the dissatisfaction of Muslim countries. The Palestinian issue is the proof to the idea expressed by Ramsbothan Zartman (2011): â€Å"The very act of defining the boundary can c reate a conflict† (p. 11). The Paris Peace Accords that drew the line to the Vietnam War did not address the root causes of the conflict, namely, nationality issues and communism. Considering the examples of civil wars, one must admit that the latter offer more satisfying results; however, as a rule, the cost of the reconstruction period results in another crisis which can also serve as the root for conflict. If the root causes are not addressed there can be a resurgence of the conflict. With the disarming of the foreign military and leaving the area, one can be assured that the local region of the foreign party commitment to peace. Hence, it can provide support while at the same time acting as a threat or warning to any party that does not want to commit itself to the peace process.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Relevance of Peace Accords in Post-War Reconstruction specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The i nternational laws also play an important process in the peace process. In the Oslo Accords, the parties are bound to the provisions and they are actually binding. The provisions have a legal basis for implementation (Watson, 2000, pp. 64) The Camp David Case Study However, it must be admitted that there are the situations where the peace accords and treaties have worked to reduce the war and tensions in a particular area. Taking into consideration the famous David Camp study, one can see distinctly that in some cases, peace treaties did work rather well, yet the occasions were quite few. The Middle East has been a war and conflict prone area for years. The Muslims have been facing a lot of persecution from the 1880’s culminating with the Holocaust in World War 2. The United Nations stepped in, which allowed the Jews have a homeland of their own. The State of Israel was formed in 1948. Another example of the fact that a peace treaty does have certain impact on the relationship s between the countries is the British Palestinian protectorate. Divided into two, Jewish and Arab States, it witnessed the clashes between the Israeli and Arabs led to the 1956 war between Israel and Egypt. In 1967, Israel was victorious and was able to secure control of the Golan Heights from Syria, the West Bank from Jordan and the Sinai from Egypt. After the war, there were significant steps towards the peace process when the Arab States agreed to UN Security Council resolution 242. The Jews were advised to let go of the captured territories to have security in their borders. The peace process was however delayed when Egypt and Syria joined forces and attacked Israel in 1973. Therefore, without the peace agreement, the country was vulnerable to the opponents, which calls for the necessity to sign peace treaties. The U.S and the Soviet Union called the Middle Eastern countries for a meeting in Geneva. The 1975 initiative failed since there was no consensus agreed on the future of the captured territories. There was also no agreement on the degree of Palestinian representation that should be there. There was a second attempt to convene a meeting in Geneva in 1977 that was also unsuccessful since the Egyptians and the Israelis opposed this strategy. The Israelis were convinced to start the peace process again and there was a lot of pressure on Begin to make a move. Israel’s strategy was to enter into bilateral agreements with the other countries in the region. Hence, it can be concluded that a peace accord does not work as the guarantee that the war will not be continued further on.Advertising Looking for essay on political culture? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Another example concerns Israel, whose government decided to concede the control of the Sinai region to Egypt. It removed its troops from the region. The two countries decided to meet in Camp David where the Camp David treaty or accord was signed. The Camp David negotiations went on for a period of 13 days. At first both the leaders laid down their uncompromising positions which caused the American president, President Carter to be dismayed. However, later on, the Egyptian president told the American president the concessions that his country would agree to. In the given case, a rare case of peaceful manner of tackling the post-war conflicts can be observed; however, it is worth mentioning that the Egyptian government did suffer considerable losses in the course of the agreements, which means that the peace treaty did not actually lead to the expected results (Quandt, 1986, pp. 32). At that time it had been believed that if Egypt chooses to be at peace with Israel other countries wo uld also choose the same path. Sadat was gunned down in 1981 by Islamic extremists who were dissatisfied with his policy for various reasons. One of the main reasons for the assassination was the agreement that had been signed at Camp David. The Israelis did not also maintain the peace at first as they choose to attack Lebanon in 1982. There were many people who died in Lebanon after the attack and its fragile economy was adversely affected. Therefore, there are sufficient reasons to argue that the Camp David accords did not address the Palestinian issue. The United States played a pivotal role in these accords, as well as in the agreement between the treaties between Israel and Palestine. The relations between Egypt and Israel went back to normal. They each appointed ambassadorial representatives for their countries and Egypt started trading with Israel (Chazan, 1988, pp. 151). It started to supply â€Å"Israel with crude oil†. The air flights between the two countries resum ed. Egypt on the other hand faced a lot of opposition from the Arab countries. The accords were the foundational stones for the agreements that came later out of the Middle East such as the Oslo accords and the Israel-Jordan Treaty of Peace (Olabode, 1981, pp. 23). There had been a lot of conflict between the Israeli forces and the Palestine forces due to Israel’s occupation of the Gaza and West Bank areas. The Oslo peace accords called for the withdrawal of the Israel forces from the area and the Palestinian occupation of the territories. The region was further divided into different regions which would be controlled by both countries. The agreements also had provisions that advocated for economic regional cooperation between the two countries. The Israeli-Jordan peace treaty was signed in 1994 where the Israel agreed to restore the portion of Jordan’s land that it had occupied. In 1970, Jordan was invaded by Palestinian and Syrian forces. Israel came in and through a ir strikes it was able to chase the Syrians out of the country. It may have strengthened the relationship between them that lead to the signing of the treaty. The boundaries of the Jordan’s country were clearly and well defined. There was a renewal of the relations between the two countries when it came to trade and diplomatic relationships. They also agreed to respect the territory and sovereignty of each other’s region and to refrain from border attack and terrorism. Through these treaties Israel has been able to have stability and reconstruct their homeland. In times of peace there can be social and economic development. The Paris Peace Accords The Paris peace accords were signed in 1973. It was unsuccessful as it did not end the war between the South and Northern Vietnam Regions. The United States agreed to remove its troops from the region. U.S was to respect the sovereignty and territorial integrity of the Vietnam country. On 27 January, 1973 at the Midnight hour , the troops for both the North and South Vietnam regions were to agree to a ceasefire where the troops had agreed to hold their respective positions. Once the ceasefire was in place, the American troops would leave the country in the next sixty days. The Vietnam War was part of the Cold War between the two superpowers at that time that is the United States and the Soviet Union (Pike, 1968). The Vietnam War took place in Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia between 1955 and 1975. The First Indochina War occurred between North and South Vietnam. The Viet Cong, an army that was controlled by Communist forces was fighting against communist forces in the South Vietnam (Pike, 1968, p. 36). South Vietnam and the United States were engaging the North in Battle using the air strikes and bombing. The Northern government was also discharging its troops to fight in the South. In 1968, the United States stopped bombing operations in the North Vietnam region in order to encourage Hanoi to enter into negot iation talks with the South. The North refused to start the negotiations till all the bombing had stopped while on the other hand the United States government was demanding that the North should reciprocate by ending their armed activities in the South: â€Å"Appalled by the security leak, Johnson cancelled the raids the next day, but with no intention of stopping them permanently† (Clodfelter, 1989, p. 98). The negotiations were not easy to coordinate as both sides had a lot of disagreements. The North Vietnam government refused to acknowledge the legitimacy of the South Vietnam government. When the negotiations finally started and a breakthrough was reached, this was in the year 1975. The United States was trying to contain communism and its potential disastrous effects so it supported the South Vietnam side while the Soviet Union supported North Vietnam. North Vietnam on the other hand viewed the war as an effort to end colonial rule in the region by the French forces whic h were being supported by the United States of America. Despite the exit of the American forces and the ceasefire, there continued to be fighting in the region. The agreements did not have the desired effect. There was an oil shock price that occurred in 1973 that adversely affected the South Vietnam region. The North Vietnam government started attacking the South and regained the territories it had lost. At the same time, the South Vietnam side faced more difficulties since the United States officials were no longer interested in supporting the War. The Congress had decided to reduce the financial aid it gave to South Vietnam from $1 Billion to $700 Million. In 1974, the elections in America brought in many democrats into congress who were determined to end the financial support (Kaiser, 2000, pp. 281). By 1976, the US had cut off all the financial support to the country. The North Vietnamese commander was motivated by the success they had achieved to launch another offensive attac k on South Vietnam. The defence minister was reluctant to launch the attack as he did not want the United States troops to get involved in the war again. There was a limited offensive attack on the Phouc Long province by the commander which was to serve several forces. North Vietnam wanted to assess the strength of the South Vietnam forces and to see whether the United States would come back to the region. The province was taken over causing the South Vietnamese forces to be highly discouraged. By the end of 1976, the Northern forces had captured the whole of Southern region and the armed forces were forced to surrender. There are different ideologies that have been proposed on the causes of the war. The communists are blamed in that even as the negotiations were going on with the French in Geneva in 1954, they had already decided to take over Vietnam. A considerable number of the party members and the guerrilla units had not been evacuated from the South to the North after the agre ements in Geneva. They had been instructed to await further instructions so as to start warfare again. America on the other hand started training and advising the South Vietnamese army in keeping to its containment policy. The North Vietnamese leader, Hanoi on the other hand had stated that the North and the South were one region or nation and there needed to be a unification of the region. In the period 1955 and 1959, there was peace in the region as the governments concentrated on social and economic integration. The Diem regime in the South Vietnam started consolidating its power and eliminating the communists and their influences in the region. There was a lot of oppression of the communists however Hanoi in the North was still seeking for peaceful relationships between the North and the South. Diem’s government policies of repression however were facing severe criticism from both the communist and non-communist people. He was labelled a dictator. Hanoi felt that the Sout h needed to be liberated from the dictatorial forces of Diem and the imperialistic United States forces. In late April 1975, the president of the South Vietnam republic announced the surrender of the Saigon and the dissolution of the republic. The United States, knowing that its presence would not be welcome, started airlifting the Americans and the South Vietnamese refugees out of the country. The peace accords would have held if the United States had not withdrawn its support. In the given case, it is necessary to give certain credit to a peace accord idea, even though the countries failed to sign the one. Analyzing the past experience, one should say that the peace treaty could have had its effect and cause ceasefire. Once the North armies knew that there was no threat of the air strikes by the United States it proceeded to attack the South. The South did not have the necessary resources to ward off the attacks and once the North found that each offensive attack was successful, t hey were motivated to take over the whole country. The Peace Accords were not successful because the North Vietnam leaders were not committed to the provisions of the Peace Accords. Conclusion Judging by what has been mentioned above, one can claim that peace accords do not necessarily lead to the most peaceful relationships between the countries in the post-war period (Steenkamp, 2005). On the contrary, a peace treaty is the kind of a provocative issue that spurs the desire of the defeated country to restore its status quo. Hence, it can be concluded that the countries which did not sign the peace treaty are most likely to develop friendly relationships, no matter how weird that might sound. Therefore, to avoid further misunderstandings, it can be suggested that the conditions offered to the defeated state should not be humiliating. Once establishing the right relations with the opponent, one is likely to win the battle without even starting it. References Borer, T., Darby, J. and McEvoy-levy, S. (2007). Peacebuilding after peace  accords: the challenges of violence, truth, and youth. Indiana: University of Notre Dame Press. Clodfelter, M. (1989). The limits of air power: the American bombing of North  Vietnam. USA: MacMillian. Gilbert, M. (2002). Why the North won the Vietnam War. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. Kaiser, D. (2000). American tragedy: Kennedy, Johnson, and the origins of  the Vietnam War. United States: Belknap Press. Olabode, A. (1981). From Jerusalem to Camp David: the Middle East peace  process. Lagos: Nigerian Institute of International Affairs Pike, D. (1968). Viet Cong: the organization and techniques of the National  Liberation Front of South Vietnam. United States: M.I.T. Press. Quandt, W. (1986). Camp David: peacemaking and politics. Washington: Brookings Institution Press. Ramsbothan, A., Zartman, W. I. (2011). Paix sans frontieres. Building peace across borders. Accord, 22, p. 4-105. Steenkamp, C. (2005) The Legacy of War: C onceptualizing a ‘Culture of Violence’ to Explain Violence after Peace Accords. The Round Table, 94: pp. 379, 253-267. Telhami, S. (1990). Power and leadership in international bargaining: the  path to the Camp David accords. New York: Columbia University Press. Watson, G. (2000). The Oslo Accords: International Law and the Israeli-Palestinian Peace Agreements. United Kingdom: OUP Oxford. This essay on Relevance of Peace Accords in Post-War Reconstruction was written and submitted by user Mall0ry to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.